What type of crimes are typically classified as white-collar crimes?

White-collar crimes are primarily characterized by their non-violent nature and the intent to commit fraud or financial gain, often being perpetrated by individuals in a position of trust or authority within their profession. This category includes embezzlement, insider trading, fraud, and other financial crimes that typically occur in business or professional settings. Professionals who engage in such activities leverage their position and access to manipulate systems for personal or organizational benefit.

In contrast, the other options describe different categories of crime that are not classified as white-collar. Violent crimes associated with gangs entail physical harm and threats, distinguishing them from the non-violent characteristics of white-collar criminal activities. Crimes involving physical harm to people again focus on direct violence and personal injury rather than financial misconduct. Finally, drug trafficking is a specific kind of crime associated with the illegal drug trade, which does not fall under the realm of white-collar crime focused on financial malfeasance. Therefore, the essence of white-collar crime lies in the pursuit of financial gain through deceit rather than physical coercion or illegal trade activities.